By Mary Beth Medvide, Ph.D.

As parents, you want nothing more than for your children to be happy and carefree. However, when you suspect they have anxiety, it can be overwhelming. Anxiety in children may look different than in adults, so it is important to understand the signs and symptoms. While it’s common to worry, excessive worrying can develop into anxiety disorders. This can adversely affect a child’s emotional health and daily functioning. 

However, how do you differentiate between normal childhood worries and anxiety? The answer is that it’s not always easy. With children, their cognitive and emotional development may make it challenging for them to articulate their feelings or understand what they are experiencing. Or, if they are a teen, they may be reluctant to share their thoughts and feelings with you. As a result, parents need to pay close attention to changes in behavior or mood that could indicate the presence of anxiety.

What are Common Misconceptions About Anxiety in Children?

Anxiety in children is often misunderstood. Many people believe that children with anxiety will grow out of it. However, according to the CDC, 9.4% of children aged 3-17 years (approximately 5.8 million) experienced anxiety between 2016-19. This statistic alone shows that anxiety is a prevalent issue in children and should not be dismissed as a temporary phase.

A child sits with legs tucked in against their body, showing anxious body language. Learn how anxiety therapy in Arlington, MA can offer support by contacting a child therapist in Arlington, MA or searching for “child psychologist arlington, ma”. Another common misconception is that anxiety only manifests as excessive worry or fear. While these are common symptoms, children with anxiety may also experience other symptoms. These can include physical symptoms such as stomachaches, headaches, difficulty sleeping, or changes in appetite. They may also exhibit behavioral symptoms like irritability, avoidance of certain situations or activities, or difficulty concentrating. By understanding these misconceptions, parents can better recognize and support their child’s anxiety.

Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Teens

When considering symptoms of anxiety in children and teens, it is important to note that these symptoms can vary widely and may not be immediately recognized as anxiety-related. One key indicator can be a child’s refusal to engage in activities they previously enjoyed or could handle with ease. For example, a child might suddenly express reluctance to attend school, visit friends, or participate in extracurricular activities. Parents who recognize these changes should consider that anxiety might be caused, especially when the child avoids situations that are typically safe and familiar.

Additionally, anxious children may frequently complain of stomachaches or other physical ailments without any apparent medical cause. This is because anxiety can manifest physically, and these complaints are often a way for children to express their distress. Irritability is another common symptom: children may seem more easily frustrated or upset, reacting strongly to minor issues. Parents might also notice that their child is seeking more assistance with tasks they used to complete independently, such as homework or daily routines. The child may become more clingy or refuse to speak up about their feelings, adding to the challenge of identifying anxiety.

These behaviors are not just signs of a ‘phase’ but can indicate an underlying anxiety disorder that requires attention. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately 31.9% of adolescents (ages 13-18) have an anxiety disorder, highlighting the prevalence and importance of addressing this issue early. By recognizing these symptoms and understanding the impact of anxiety on their child’s life, parents can take proactive steps toward seeking appropriate help and support.

Lesser Known Signs of Anxiety in Children

Beyond the more commonly known symptoms, there are other signs of anxiety in children that may not immediately come to mind. Children may be more irritable or secluded, leading some parents to believe they are simply going through a moody phase. However, these behaviors may be a child’s way of coping with their anxiety. Similarly, some children may exhibit perfectionistic tendencies or overly self-critical behavior, which can stem from underlying anxiety. Children may also not engage socially with family or friends as much as they used to, or may seem overly worried about others’ opinions of them.

These behaviors may be signs of social anxiety, a specific type of anxiety disorder that can significantly impact a child’s relationships and daily life. Additionally, some children may develop phobias or intense fears around certain objects or situations. These fears are often irrational and disproportionate to the actual danger posed. For example, a child with a fear of dogs may panic at the sight of any dog, even if it is on a leash and poses no threat. By understanding these lesser-known signs, parents can better identify potential anxiety in their child and

What are Common Triggers for Anxiety in Children?

Understanding what can trigger anxiety in children is vital for providing them with effective support and reassurance. Various situations and changes in a child’s life can contribute to developing anxiety. For example, significant changes at home, such as a move to a new house or the arrival of a new sibling, can disrupt a child’s sense of stability and security. Similarly, going to a new school, where they have to adapt to unfamiliar surroundings, teachers, and peers, can be overwhelming for many children. Changes in friendships also play a critical role. As children grow, their social circles evolve, and losing old friends or trying to make new ones can be a source of stress. Moreover, academic demands escalate as children progress through school.

The pressure to perform well in exams, complete homework, and meet the expectations of teachers and parents can contribute significantly to their anxiety. Traumatic experiences, such as getting bitten by a dog or being bullied, can also have a lasting impact on a child’s mental health. These incidents can leave children feeling unsafe and helpless, leading to persistent anxiety. By recognizing these common triggers, parents can better understand the sources of their child’s anxiety and work towards creating a more supportive and secure environment for their overall well-being.

Family Changes and Anxiety

Any change in a child’s life, even a positive one like getting a new puppy or going on vacation, can lead to anxiety. Changes disrupt a child’s routine and sense of security, which can be unsettling and challenging for them to process. More permanent and significant changes, such as a divorce or moving into a new home, naturally lead to worry and stress. These situations alter the child’s environment and dynamics, prompting concerns about stability, safety, and the unknown.

While change is a part of life that cannot be avoided and mild anxiety is normal during changes, it becomes worrisome if their distress persists over several months. If a child continues to struggle with their worries and it affects their daily functioning, seeking the support of a therapist should be discussed. A compassionate, experienced therapist can provide the child with a safe space to express their feelings and develop coping strategies. 

How Anxiety Presents Differently in Children and Teens

While both children and teenagers can experience anxiety, the ways it presents in these two age groups can differ. Teenagers, often more self-aware of their emotions, can discuss their feelings more easily. They might approach parents or trusted individuals to talk about their worries, describe their emotional state, or seek affirmation and guidance. However, this openness doesn’t diminish the impact of their anxiety, which can still be overwhelming and debilitating.

A teen covers their face while sitting alone on a log in the sand. This could represent the stress of anxiety that anxiety treatment in Arlington, MA can help you overcome. Learn more about teen anxiety and depression by searching for child counseling in Arlington, MA today. Conversely, younger children may struggle to identify and articulate their anxiety. They might not always recognize that what they’re feeling is anxiety and instead express it through physical complaints. These symptoms are their body’s way of communicating distress. Additionally, children may refuse to go to school, do school presentations, socialize with peers or adults they do not know well, and refuse to separate from their parents. They may also express anxiety by stating they dislike activities or objects they previously enjoyed, reflecting their discomfort and unease. For younger children, the symptoms may be less vocal and more behavioral, warranting careful observation from parents and caregivers.

What Treatment Options Are Available for Children with Anxiety?

Therapy for children can take many forms, but one of the most effective approaches is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Within CBT, a specific technique known as Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is particularly powerful for treating anxiety disorders. ERP involves gradually exposing a child to the source of their anxiety in a controlled and supportive manner, and then preventing the typical anxious response. This helps the child build resilience and reduce their fear over time. For instance, a child who is anxious about separating from their parents might start by standing six feet away from them. If they manage this distance successfully, they are praised, and the distance is gradually increased in subsequent sessions.

However, some children may be unwilling or unable to participate in ERP directly. In such cases, an alternative treatment known as Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE) can be highly effective. This approach involves working solely with the parents to implement strategies designed to reduce their child’s anxiety. By empowering parents to change their own responses and create a supportive environment, SPACE helps alleviate anxiety without requiring direct involvement from the child. This method underscores the importance of family involvement in the treatment process and provides an inclusive way to support children who are struggling with anxiety.

How to Help Your Child With Anxiety

When your child is experiencing anxiety, it can be challenging to know how to best support them. You want to alleviate their worries and make them feel better, but you may not know where to start. Here are a few strategies that can help:

Create a Nurturing Environment Through Parenting

Your home environment is one of the most critical factors in your child’s overall well-being. As a parent, you can help your child feel emotionally safe and secure by creating a nurturing environment through supportive parenting practices. This includes actively listening to their concerns, validating their feelings and experiences, and providing consistent love and affection.

Having their routine as predictable as possible can offer a sense of security. This can look like having consistent bedtimes, mealtimes, and designated family time. This stability helps children to feel more in control and can help alleviate anxiety. Because when children feel secure and understood, they are more open to expressing their emotions and working through them.

Teach Your Child Coping Skills With Evidence-Based Parenting

Using evidence-based parenting techniques can help your child develop effective coping skills to manage anxiety. For instance, teaching your child deep breathing exercises or progressive muscle relaxation techniques can help them feel more in control of their body’s physical response to anxiety. Similarly, practicing positive self-talk and reframing negative thoughts into more realistic ones can also be helpful in managing anxious feelings.

CBT also incorporates these techniques and empowers your child to recognize and challenge their anxious thoughts. By incorporating CBT strategies into everyday routines, you can help your child build resilience and navigate anxious thoughts more effectively. For instance, encouraging positive self-talk during school presentations or deep breathing exercises before a social event can support your child in managing their anxiety in real-time.

Gradually Exposure Your Child or Encourage Participation

Naturally, your first instinct may be to shield your child from things that trigger their anxiety. While this is understandable, it can often have the opposite effect. It can reinforce their fear and avoidance of these situations. Instead, consider gradually exposing your child to these triggers in a controlled and supportive manner. This approach allows them to confront their fears gradually and build resilience over time. For instance, if a child is afraid of dogs, you could start by looking at pictures of dogs and gradually work up to meeting one in person.

Similarly, if your child is avoiding activities or events due to anxiety, gently encouraging them to participate while offering support and understanding can help them overcome their fears. It’s essential to respect your child’s boundaries and not force them into situations they are not ready for, but gentle encouragement can go

Encourage a Healthy Lifestyle with Parenting Guidance

There is a strong correlation between physical and mental health. Encouraging healthy habits such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, and quality sleep can support your child’s overall well-being, including their emotional state. Additionally, limiting screen time and encouraging activities that promote relaxation and stress management, such as yoga or meditation, can also be beneficial.

As a parent, it’s essential to model these behaviors yourself and involve the whole family in creating a healthy lifestyle. Positive parenting guidance can help you implement these changes in a supportive and effective manner for your child. It also helps to reduce the stigma surrounding mental health, promoting a more open and accepting environment for your child.

Seek Professional Help When Needed

While these strategies can be helpful in managing mild to moderate anxiety, it’s crucial to seek professional help if your child’s symptoms persist or significantly impact their daily life. For anxiety treatment, a qualified therapist can provide individualized treatment, such as CBT and ERP, that targets the root cause of your child’s anxiety. They can also offer support and guidance on how parents can best support their child’s emotional well-being.

A woman takes notes while sitting on the couch next to a smiling child. This could represent the support a child therapist in Arlington, MA can offer in addressing anxiety in children. Learn more about anxiety therapy in Arlington, MA today. If you’re looking for anxiety therapy in Arlington, MA, it’s important to find a therapist who specializes in working with children and adolescents. Personalized therapy can make a significant difference in addressing your child’s unique needs, helping them develop coping strategies and build resilience. Don’t hesitate to reach out and take the first step towards improving your child’s mental health.

Support Your Child with Anxiety Treatment in Arlington, MA

As a parent, you have a powerful role in supporting your child through their anxiety. By taking the steps to recognize and address their anxious feelings, you can help them build the skills they need to overcome their fears and thrive. The Bain Health and Wellness Center offers comprehensive and compassionate anxiety treatment in Arlington, MA for children and adolescents. Our experienced therapists use evidence-based techniques, such as CBT and ERP, to help your child manage their anxiety and improve their overall well-being. We have extensive experience working with children and families, and we are committed to helping your child reach their full potential.

Other Therapy Services Offered at The Bain Health and Wellness Center in Arlington, MA, and Throughout Massachusetts

If you believe your child or teen is exhibiting signs of anxiety or experiencing other mental health concerns, the Bain Health and Wellness Center (BainHWC)  offers a range of therapeutic services to support your family’s needs. Our experienced therapists are experienced in identifying and working with children and teens with anxiety. At BainHWC, we offer in-person and virtual therapy for children and teens with anxiety, autismADHD, depression, trauma, OCD, and more. Our therapists are experts in evidence-based treatments, bringing years of experience with children, teens, and young adults. We would be delighted to discuss your needs and provide guidance on the next steps. Reach out to us today!